The Spatial Redundancy in video data means a strong correlation of neighboring pixels, which is observed within frames.
Therefore, a predictive coding is beneficial if the correlation is strong enough among the spatially adjacent pixels.
The basis of the spatial predictive coding is to predict a pixel value from previous pixels which were already coded (hence they are available at the decoding side). The prediction error (i.e., the difference between the current pixel and its predicted value) is quantized and then it is entropy coded.
This is a very popular form of predictive coding known as differential pulse code modulation (DPCM).
The implicit assumption here – neighboring pixels are highly correlated, hence the prediction error tends to be small.
23+ years’ programming and theoretical experience in the computer science fields such as video compression, media streaming and artificial intelligence (co-author of several papers and patents).
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