Visual Perception Enhancement:
- Wide color gamut (2020), high contrast TV (10, 12 bpp)
- High frame rate up to 100 fps (called also HFR video)
- High resolution (4K, 8K), 8K@60 fps is tailored for 360/VR video.
- 360-degree videos (also known as VR videos), the end user can get an ability to “look around” inside the 360-degree sphere that surrounds him.There is an activity in standardization of 360/VR, see VRIF Industry Forum. Currently, the technology is not matured yet for wide adoption of 360/VRdue to long delays between Client (e.g. HMD) and Server. Consequently “motion sickness” distortions are typically observed.Indeed, a typical 360 video content is 8K@60fps, each change of the head position in HMD requires a prompt transmission of a new viewport,however round-trip delays are not short, about 150-200ms (unless the server is located in same room where the client is). More advanced standards(e.g. AV1) can reduce “motion sickness” impairments since viewport sizes would be more extended and not each head movement would demand a new viewport.
Media Coding Trends:
- Cloud Gaming: transition video processing from CPU to remote Server equipped with powerful GPUs. All heavy processing is executed in remote servers, the end user is a terminal. Coding efficiency and ultra-low latency is must. AV1 might be a good choice for the cloud gaming if decoding latency is small. Meantime Cloud Gaming platforms suffer from network lag (sometimes exceeding 100ms) and limited bandwidth (impact on visual quality).
- PC->Cloud: fit for transcoding, PC conveys a compressed video to a machine in Cloud with powerful GPUs and receives the transcoded stream. Video on PC should be in a simplistic format (e.g. ProRes or Dirac) and output from Cloud are in HEVC or AVC.
- Content-Aware Encoding – encoder in look-ahead phase learns the current video content and adapts itself respectively. Morover, some objects not needed to coded at all. For example the grass in a soccer game is high-detailed and consumes tones of bits. Instead of coding the grass, encoder can transmit the coordinates, illumination matrix of the grass area and a decoder will synthesize the grass. Mathematically the grass captured by the camera and the grass displayed on TV set are different but perceptually they are identical.
23+ years’ programming and theoretical experience in the computer science fields such as video compression, media streaming and artificial intelligence (co-author of several papers and patents).
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